Liner for centrifugal separators.



PATBNTED APR. ll, i905.

C. A. a 0. W. HULT.

LINER FOR GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 5. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N 1 muwy/ @Af f n ,1.7 w mf f NC 787,179- PATBNTED 111311.11, 1905.

G. A. 1L 0. W. HULT.

LINER FOR GENTRIPUGAL SEPARATORS.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 5. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C r n' f" 1 yi/ #WZ/Cr PATENTE LINER FOR GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5,1004.

am mi E E H QL s T E E H S 5 PATENTED APR. l1, 1905.

C. 6L O. W. HULT.

LINER FOR CENTRIPUGAL SBPARATORS.

APPLIUATION FILED THB. 5, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

E. .M Mw

PATENTED APR. ll

G. A. L 0. W. HULT.

LINER FOR CENTRIFUGAL SBPARATORS.

APPLATIN FILED FEB. 5.1904

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

il@ RR Patented April. 11, 1905.

UNTTen STATES PATENT OTTTCEO (EMIL Alihlli llULT AND OSCAR W'ALFRII) I'IULT, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

UNER FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '787,1 9, dated April 1 1, 1905.

Application filerl February 5, 1904:. Serial No. 192,143,

Be it known that we, t`\nL.-\Liuii llUL'r and Osciu amino llUi/r, subjects of the King' ot' Sweden and Norway` and residents of `toeklmhn. Sweden. haveiointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bladeliiners lor (entrifngal Separators, of which the following' is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in blade-liners for centrifugal liquid-Separators namely` in such liners where the blades are placed parallel orsul)stantially parallel to i the vertical axis of the bowl. hitherto been constructed in several different ways concerning' the manner of securing' the .individual blades. as well as etnieerning' the shapeof thelatttn'. .Xs known forinsconcern- Suchliners have y ing' the fastening of the blades may be mentioned the threading' up of the blades on one or more ring's fastening' by means of hing'es either with relation to themselves or to some ing' the one blade in relation to the other as a whole (consequently not only by means of swinging' or Lm'ning', such as with the leaf in a hook) in order to clean the linerfhas not, so far as we are aware. been achieved. By a suitable choice of the aforesaid manners or shapes so that a new combination is formed an unanticipated g'ood etfect in the al)ove-mentioned respect can be easily g'ained, so that the cleanl ing' of the liner will not present the slightest ditliculty. This constitutes the object of this invention. which consists in blades of bent or angular form being threaded on one or more ring's. ln consequence of this itis effected that the blades when they are placed in the drum. in consequence of their inclined position toward the ring` occupy in equal distril bution the entire length of the same. but when 1 taken outof the drum can be pushed together on the ring', so that a g'reater part of the latter becomes unoccupied, whereupon the one blade after the other can be freely moved on the ring' along' the free portion of the same. The set of blades can now be separated anywhere and the parts each pushed in its direc? tion on the ring'. The latter can now, besides, if it is placed sultieiently near to one end of the blades and after the blades have been brought together` be turned upward, whereb v the blades will he suspended on the same, like the keys on a key-ring'. The bunch of blades` which are thereby spread downward, can thereupon be dipped and shaken in the cleansing' tluid.

Instead of a closed ring' a ring' which is eertainly closed, but. is so constituted that it can be opened, or (incontrast to the closed ring') a non-endless easily-pliable metal band may be employed, which has the advantage that the length of the ring' or band is independent ot' the width of the liner. leng'th of ring' or band which is greater t-han the width of the liner can then be used. so that the blades can be moved still farther apart. It is otherwise not necessary for the band to always sit to gether with the plates; but, if so desired, it can be drawn out from the blades when they are mounted in the drum and the bands ag'ain threaded through the blades when they are to be taken out of the bowl, as is described hereinafter. By the blades not having' any lixed points of attachment on the ring', the band, &c., but can move freely on the same., the blades can freely take up their position the one after the other without being' prevented by the ring'. The blades thereby come closer to each other, wherefore the entire number of blades can be considerably g'reater than has i hitherto been the case. ln order that the i blades, however, shall not fall quite close tol g'ether, they are provided at the upper and i l lower ends each with edg'ing's on distancing'- pieces. These edg'ings form thin partitions and serve at the same time to give the strengtht cned blade edge a rounded-olil form, whereby the liner becomes easier to handle. Further, the introduction of the milk is arrang'ed to advantag'e by means of the said edg'ings, so that the stream of liquid entering' between the blades has no disturbing effect on the separation, owing to every space being' filled at the most suitable point of the radius, caused by a portion of the edging being' taken out at said point, so that an inlet-opening to the intermediate chamber is formed at one end of the liner.

Figure 1 in accompanying drawings shows the centrifugal drum with liner mounted in vertical center section, and Fig. 2 shows the same in horizontal section on the line A B in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 presents a side view of a blade, and Fig. 4L shows a blade in horizontal section. Figs. 3 and 3b show modifications. In Fig. 2 all the blades are not drawn, in order that the ring and the bottom of the bowl might be seen; but it is easily understood that the circular chamber in the bowl shall befilled with blades along the whole periphery. Fig. 5 shows a side view, and Fig. 6 a plan view, of the liner taken out of the bowl and the blades partly placed radially and pushed together on the ring. Fig. 7 shows the blades suspended like a bunch from the ring turned up in vertical position. Fig. 8 presents a side view of a modification consisting in the number of blades being divided into two sets each thread ed on its ring. Fig. 9 shows same modiiication in plan. Fig. 10 shows that the ring can be constructed in such manner that it can be opened. Fig. 11 shows a blade with hole for threading said band through. Fig. 1Q shows how the band can be threaded through the liner. Fig. 13 shows the band and some blades suspended thereon.. Fig. 14C shows a modification consisting in the ring being' formed by a wire spiral. Fig'. 15 shows a modification consisting in the ends of the band being connected each one by its blade, which blades are connected at their inner edge. Fig. 16 shows a modification consisting in the ring composed of two or more parts being en larged by means of inserted chains or the like.

rlhe centrifugal bowl 1, Fig'. l, has cover and side in one piece and is held firmly pressed against the bottom 2 by the through-going shaft 3 and the nut et, screwed on the same. At the top the shaft is hollow in order to form the ordinary inlet-pipe 5. Otherwise the drum is, as usual, provided with outlet-pipe 6 for the skim-milk and outlet-pipe 7 for the cream. On referring to Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that the bow-shaped and, at the outer edge, outwardly-bent blades 8 are provided with a hole 9, almost in the middle, near one end and threaded on a ring 10 of suitable size. The blades can when the liner is taken out of the bowl be freely moved on the ring. The

blades can consequently successively be easily brought in the position determined by their bending', as shown in Fig. 2, in order to form a cylinder corresponding to the inside of the bowl or be turned outward on the ring and successively pressed together, as seen to the left in Fig. 6. In the former case, Fig. 2, the blades are evenly distributed on the whole length of the ring, owing to the oblique position of the same; but in the latter case, Fig. 6, an excess of space on the ring is gained by the blades being pushed together on the ring, caused by the blade being brought in nearer coincidence with the radius of the ring. The one blade after the other can accordingly now be freely moved on the ring along the free portion of the same or the set of blades be anywhere separated or be opened and pushed to the sides when it is desired to isolate any certain blade. As the ring 10 is situated relatively close to one end of the set of blades, the same can after the blades have been placed together be turned upward to the position shown in Fig. 7. The blades then become freely suspended on the ring, like the keys on a key-ring. The set of blades can now be very easily dipped in the cleansing liquid and cleaned. rlhe blades can easily be brought back in the position shown in Fig. 2 by placing the whole set on aplane surface, bringing down the ring 10 to horizontal position and by oblique pressure on the outer edge of the blades cause thc blades to slide along the ring till they, evenly distributed on the same, form a cylinder. The blades can be made smooth or corrugated. To the left in Fig. 5 is shown a corrugation 11 running oblique to the radius for effecting canals leading' to the outer periphery. The one blade can be smooth or have corrugations running in another direction than the next one, and so on.

According to Figs. 8 and 9 the blades are divided in two bunches 1Q 13, each bunch threaded upon its ring 10. In the one bunch the ring is situated near the upper and in the other bunch near the lower end of the set of blades. Further, each bunchis provided with a notch 14 on the blades at the opposite end. Both bunches can be threaded on each others ring, as shown in Fig. 8, whereafter the bunches can be spread on both the rings, Fig. 9, as has been described above. This is accompanied with the advantage that the number of blades on each ring will be only half against when only one ring is used. Nevertheless there is nothing to hinder employing .two or more such rings, as is shown in Figs.

1 and 2, preferably two, each situated close to its end of the liner.

An advantage in the construction described, Figs. 1 to 3, consists in the fact that the ring composed in suitable manner can easily be opened after the blades have been so brought together that they only occupy a portion ot the length ot the ring and that subsequent to the opening' the blades can be freely moved ott and back again on the samewe. y.. for exchanging a damaged blade for a new one. For this purpose it is only necessary to make the ring ot' two or more parts 15 16, Fig. 10, connected at one ot' the ends by means of g hinges and provided at the other ends with suitable hook or the like for the fastening together. Fig. 1l) shows the ring opened. A ring formed by a wire coiled to a spiral form can also be employed, Fig. 11.

mentioned above, a non-endless band or ring can also be used (in place ot' the ring 10) for the threading up ot' the blades. Such a band 1T (seen in Fig. 12) consists ot a tolerably broad but very thin metal band, (steel band.) which is suitably threaded through the hole 1p near the outer edge of the blade. rlhe position ot' the hole can obviously be varied.

In order that the blades threaded on may not be able to slide ott' the band when the liner is taken out otl the bowl, one end of the same can be rolled up into a curl or be provided with a knob or the like 19 and its other end provided with a hole for the threading through ot' a ring 2l) or the like, which can serve as a kind of lock, Fig. 13. By holding the ring or both ends of the band the lirici' can thus be easily dipped in the cleansinguid and the blades shaken. 'hen the liner shall be mounted in the bowl, it is rolled together to a cylinder and is pushed a short distance in the bowl. It' it be desired to allow the band to remain, the rin(y 2O is removed, the one end ot' the band is put on the inside ot" the other end ot' the band, and the former is pushed in through the blades until the whole band terms a spiral ring, as schematically shown in Fig. It, whereupon the liner is wholly pushed in the bowl. After the liner is taken outotI the bowl the same straightens itseltI out owing to the springing,property ot' the band. By means ot' the ring Q0 both ends ot' the band, it' so desired, can be connected, so that the band forms a wide ring. After the liner has entered a short distance in the bowl, as is above mentioned, the band can also be drawn out and the liner thereupon be entirely pushed in. 'hcn the liner is taken out ot' the drum, it is first moved forward only so much that the holes 18 become accessible, whereupon the hand is threaded in through the blades. This threading through (shown in Fig. 12) is easily effected through the end of the band having a bow-like formin accordance with the circleof the liner. In order to avoid obscurity, large spaces are shown in Fig. 12 between the blades. In

Fig. 125 all the blades are not shown either. One or more bands can also be used provided i with a curl or the like at both ends, and the blades can always remain on the band. A wire open annular spring or the like can also be employed instead of band.

The modilication in Fig. 16 consists in the ring 1() being composed ot' two semicircularshaped pieces which can be separated and joined together by means ot' chains or the like, as shownin the said ligure. A chain or the like can, obviously, also be placed in between the free ends ot' the ring in the ring i shown in Fig. 10 in order to obtain in its e11- tirety a relatively large closed ring on which the blades can be moved tar apart. It Inay likewise be remarked that the closed ring, Figs. 1 to 9, can obviously consist of a chain, tlexible connector, or the like. A tensile ring can also be employed.

Another Yform of construction consists in the blades being threaded on the band, chain, string-shaped part, etc., at the outer edge and in the lrst and last blades beingl hingelike, connected with each other at the inner edge. In order to clasp the liner together, the ends ot the band can be hooked together by means ot' some suitable arrangement. The lirst and the last blades will then form extensions otl the band when it is opened. As the blades can freely slide on the ring, band, &c., they will be able to fall quite close together. In order to prevent this, the upper and lower ends ot' the blades are provided with edging-s 21, which serve as sliding-surfaces when the blades are being' spread and as thin interpositions, whereby small spaces result between the blades about equal to a blade thickness. 'Ihe edging consists ot a double folded platestrip litted on the edge ot' the blade, Figs. 1 to 3. It can also consist of a single strip, Fig. 3, or be eli'ected by bending over the edge ot' the plate, Fig. 3l.

In Figs. 1, 3, and it will be seen how an opening Q2. leading to the intermediate cham ber, is etlected by a portion ot' the edging being absenton one side of the plate 8. The whole milk enters through this opening to the intermediate chamber. The opening is so situated on the blade that it comes opposite the neutral layer ot' milk in the liner-- e., the layer where the milk has the same specitic weight as the whole milk iiowing into the bowl. Said layer is denoted in Fig. by means ot' two dotted circles and designated by In order to create a passage for the whole milk to all the openings 22, the bottom ot' the bowl is provided with a ring-shaped depression 24;, concentric with the axis ot' the bowl, and a collar 25, mounted on the pipe The outward folded lower outer edge coincides or substantially coincides with they inner edge of the openings 22, while thc periphery otl the depression 2st suitably coincides with the outer edge of the openings QQ. The whole IOS IIO

IIS

milk is introduced into the pipe 5, passed out through holes 26 of the same within the collar, under the edge of the collar, which rests on small raised projections, and through the openings 22, up between the blades, where in the usual manner the cream passes along one side of the blade in toward the center of the bowl and the skim-milk passes out along the other side of the blade toward the periphery of the bowl. As the said leading up of the whole milk is elfected in line with the neutral layer, as mentioned above, the same has no disturbing action on the said flow of the cream and the skim-milk. It is obvious that there is nothing to hinder a portion of the edging being absent on both sides of the blade 8, whereby the opening 22 receives the same size transversely as the intermediate chamber between the blades, and the blade itself can likewise be notched'. The method of conducting the whole milk through the openings 22, which can even be effected at the top of the liner, can obviously be arranged in various ways. For instance, the collar 25 can be substituted with an expansion on the pipe 5 or the like. The bending of the blades 8 can obviously be varied, and likewise the blades can be made of an angular shape.

It will be understood from the above description that we do not claim the hinging in Some manner of radially-disposed blades of a liner on a connecting ring 0r annulus. This is already known, and it does not get the utility and convenience for cleansing that we attain by our construction. The main feature of our liner is the threading of the blade connector or ring, whether it be stiff, fieXible, or springy, loosely through blades disposed in the drum or bowl obliquely to the radii of the latter, whether they be plane, curved, or angular blades, so that when the liner is lifted out for cleansing room will be provided on the connector for shifting and separating the blades to facilitate washing, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, and l2.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A liner for acentrifugal separator, having a series of blades disposed in a circle and obliquely to the radius of the said circle, and an annular guide and connector on which said blades are loosely threaded, the blades being slidable on said ring so as to be adjustable toward and from each other.

2. A liner for a centrifugal separator, hav.

ing a plurality of blades slidably connected together by a blade-connector and intersecting the radii of the inclosing bowl, said connector being threaded through the several blades and openable to permit of inserting its end through said blades.

3. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a plurality of blades intersecting the radial line of the inclosing bowl, and abladeconnector made up of two or more articulated parts and threaded th rough the several blades, the latter being freely slidable along the connector.

4. A liner for a centrifugal separator, havinga plurality of blades intersecting the radii of the containing-bowl, and ablade-connector threaded through holes in the several blades, said holes being situated near the outer edges of the blades'.

5. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a plurality of substantially upright blades intersecting the radial line of the bowl, and a blade-connector'threaded through coincident apertures in the several blades,`said connector being of ring-like form and the blades being freely slidable along the same.

6. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a plurality of blades intersecting the radial line of the bowl, and a blade-connector threaded through coincident apertures in the blades near their outer edges, the end blades of the series being connected at their inner edges and the blades being slidable along the connector.

7. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a plurality of substantially upright blades intersecting the radial line of the bowl, and a flexible blade-connector threaded through coincident apertures in the said blades, said apertures being situated near the outer edges of the blades.

8. A liner for a centrifugal separator, comprising a plurality of upright blades intersecting the radial line of the bowl, and having distancing-edgings on their upper and lower ends, and a blade-connector slidably threaded through said blades.

9. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a plurality of substantially upright blades intersecting the radii of the inclosing'bowl, said blades having means for distancing them and ways or apertures at their lower edges for the flow ofthe liquid beneath, and means for slidably connecting the blades.

10. A liner for a centrifugal separator, having a complete set of substantially upright blades intersecting the radii of the inclosing bowl, means carried by the blades for spacing or distancing' them, and a blade-connector threaded through coincident apertures in the blades, and inclosed at its ends, the said blades being slidable on the connector.

1l. Means for the purpose specified, cornprising a bowl provided at its bottom with a depression 24, a central inlet-pipe provided with holes 26, a plurality of upright blades intersecting the radii of said bowl, said blades having distancing-edgings and passages at their lower edges for the milk, and a bladeconnector which slidably connects the blades of the series.

l2. Means for the purpose specified, comprising a bowl provided with an inlet-pipe 5, having apertures 26, an annular' depression 2 in its bottoni, and the collar 25, a plurality ot' upright`r curved blades intersecting the radii ot' the inclosing' bowl, said blades havingl distaneing-oilging's` and passages formed in their lower edges. and ine-ans for slidably connecting; together the said blades.

In witness whereof We have hereunto signed our names in the presence of two subscribing' IO witnesses.

CARL ALRIK HULT. OSC/AR WALFRID HULT.

\Vitnessos:

ERNST SVANQUIST, AUG. SoRuNsuN. 

